Etiological characteristics and risk factors of common clinical biliary tract infections from 2020 to 2022
CHEN Ming-hui，ZHANG Ai-min，XUE Hai-ling
Abstract:
Objective The etiological characteristics and risk factors of biliary tract infection were analyzed to provide the basis for clinical treatment of biliary tract infection. Methods 672 patients with biliary tract infection treated in Tianjin Nankai Hospital from 2020 to 2022 were selected as research objects. According to whether or not they had BTI, the patients were divided into two groups: BTI infection group (n=361) and non-BTI group (n=311). The risk factors and etiological characteristics of BTI in patients with cholelithiasis were analyzed by collecting the data of age, sex, basic diseases, number of gallstones, use of antibiotics and etiological examination results. Results A total of 3534 pathogens were isolated from bile culture, among which 2375 were gram-negative, accounting for 67.20%. 1058 strains of gram-positive bacteria, accounting for 29.94%; 92 strains of fungi, accounting for 2.60%. The resistance rate of Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin was increased (P<0.05), and the resistance rate to amikacin was decreased (P<0.05). The resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to several cephalosporins, carbapenems, lactamase inhibitors, cephalases, aminoglycosides and quinolones was increased (P<0.05). The resistance rate of enterococcus faecium to tetracycline increased year by year (P<0.05), while the resistance rate of enterococcus faecalis to erythromycin and high concentration gentamicin decreased (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that age, history of biliary tract surgery and number of stones were correlated with BTI in patients with Biliary tract disease (P < 0.05), among which age > 65 years old, history of Biliary tract surgery and number of stones > 2 were independent risk factors for BTI in patients with cholelithiasis (P < 0.05). Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli are the most common pathogens isolated from biliary tract infection, and drug resistance is constantly changing, so rational drug use should be based on drug sensitivity results. The occurrence of biliary tract infection is related to the age, the history of biliary tract operation and the number of gallstones.
